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Bioassay-guided fractionation of the antikinetoplastid extract of the brown alga <i>Dictyota spiralis</i> has led to the isolation of spiralyde A (<b>1</b>), a new dolabellane aldehyde, along with other five known related diterpenes (<b>2</b>&#8211;<b>6</b>). Their structures were determined by HRESIMS, 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy, and comparison with data reported in the literature. The antiparasitic activity of all compounds was evaluated. Spiralyde A (<b>1</b>) and the known compound 3,4-epoxy-7,18-dolabelladiene (<b>2</b>) were the most active compounds against <i>Leishmania amazonensis</i> and <i>Trypanosoma cruzi</i>. Spiralyde A (<b>1</b>) was the most potent compound, comparable to benznidazole, the reference drug for trypanocidal activity.