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A neologism coined by the translators of the Septuagint Bible in the third century before the Christian era, diaspora is generally considered as a term whose antique usage is not reserved to the sole Jews, since it would be equally applied to “Greek colonization”. In this contribution, we shall present the history of the antique usages of the term together with its frequent – and yet false – association with Greek colonization, before examining the advantages and disadvantages of the anachronism that consists in making a contemporary usage of the concept for the study of Greek colonization in Antiquity.