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<i>Curcuma longa</i>, known for its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antimicrobial properties, has been a staple in traditional medicine for centuries. In the pursuit of natural alternatives to synthetic preservatives, the extracts of <i>C. longa</i> have garnered attention for their efficacy in extending shelf life and preventing the spoilage of diverse agricultural products. This study aims to assess the antifungal and antioomycete activities and plant protection capabilities of a hydroethanolic <i>C. longa</i> extract as a natural product against crop pathogens. The phytochemical profile of the <i>C. longa</i> extract was elucidated through gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The extract exhibited a richness in bisabolene sesquiterpenoids, notably (+)-<i>β</i>-turmerone, <i>α</i>-turmerone, (+)-(S)-<i>ar</i>-turmerone, and included minor phytoconstituents, such as <i>α</i>-atlantone, <i>γ</i>-curcumene, zingiberene, isoelemicin, and gibberellin A3. Radial growth inhibition assays demonstrated the <i>C. longa</i> extract’s effectiveness against various phytopathogenic fungi, including <i>Botrytis cinerea</i>, <i>Colletotrichum acutatum</i>, and <i>Diplodia corticola</i>, as well as the oomycetes <i>Phytophthora cactorum</i> and <i>Phytophthora cinnamomi</i>. In ex situ tests, the <i>C. longa</i> extract demonstrated remarkable protection capabilities for <i>Malus domestica</i> excised stems against <i>P. cinnamomi</i>-induced necrosis. Furthermore, the <i>C. longa</i> extract exhibited non-toxicity towards lettuce seed germination and did not impact early lettuce seedling growth, indicating its safety for crop protection. These findings contribute to expanding the potential applications of <i>C. longa</i> as an antimicrobial agent, particularly for safeguarding economically significant trees against the destructive oomycete <i>P. cinnamomi</i>.