In Nasal Mucosal Secretions, Distinct IFN and IgA Responses Are Found in Severe and Mild SARS-CoV-2 Infection

oleh: Juliana de Melo Batista dos Santos, Camila Pereira Soares, Fernanda Rodrigues Monteiro, Fernanda Rodrigues Monteiro, Ralyria Mello, Jonatas Bussador do Amaral, Andressa Simões Aguiar, Andressa Simões Aguiar, Mariana Pereira Soledade, Carolina Sucupira, Milena De Paulis, Juliana Bannwart Andrade, Flavia Jaqueline Almeida, Marco Aurélio Palazzi Sáfadi, Luciana Becker Mau, Jamile Menezes Brasil, Theresa Ramalho, Flávio V. Loures, Rodolfo Paula Vieira, Rodolfo Paula Vieira, Rodolfo Paula Vieira, Edison Luiz Durigon, Edison Luiz Durigon, Danielle Bruna Leal de Oliveira, Danielle Bruna Leal de Oliveira, André Luis Lacerda Bachi, André Luis Lacerda Bachi

Format: Article
Diterbitkan: Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-02-01

Deskripsi

Likely as in other viral respiratory diseases, SARS-CoV-2 elicit a local immune response, which includes production and releasing of both cytokines and secretory immunoglobulin (SIgA). Therefore, in this study, we investigated the levels of specific-SIgA for SARS-CoV-2 and cytokines in the airways mucosa 37 patients who were suspected of COVID-19. According to the RT-PCR results, the patients were separated into three groups: negative for COVID-19 and other viruses (NEGS, n = 5); negative for COVID-19 but positive for the presence of other viruses (OTHERS, n = 5); and the positive for COVID-19 (COVID-19, n = 27). Higher specific-SIgA for SARS-CoV-2, IFN-β, and IFN-γ were found in the COVID-19 group than in the other groups. Increased IL-12p70 levels were observed in OTHERS group as compared to COVID-19 group. When the COVID-19 group was sub stratified according to the illness severity, significant differences and correlations were found for the same parameters described above comparing severe COVID-19 to the mild COVID-19 group and other non-COVID-19 groups. For the first time, significant differences are shown in the airway's mucosa immune responses in different groups of patients with or without respiratory SARS-CoV-2 infection.