Physical activity as a part of overweight and obesity treatment [Pohybová aktivita jako součást léčení nadváhy a obesity]

oleh: Jiří Poděbradský, Daniel Schwarz, Pavel Stejskal, Radana Poděbradská

Format: Article
Diterbitkan: Palacky University 2011-12-01

Deskripsi

<strong>BACKGROUND</strong>: Apart from pharmacotherapy, also a combination of physical activity (PA), diet, and cognitive-behavioral therapy is recommended for obesity treatment. <strong>OBJECTIVE</strong>: This research study verified the effectiveness of the recommended complex intervention in treating overweight and obesity via an evaluation of changes in anthropometric indicators. <strong>METHODS</strong>: The intervention included a guided physical activity, a diet and cognitive-behavioural therapy. PA was realized via endurance exercise with guided exercise intensity (machine exercise, Nordic walking and group aerobic exercise) and via resistance training. Included in the study were 328 patients (233 women and 95 men) aged 19 - 79 years, undergoing a treatment stay focused on weight reduction in the Dolní Lipová Spa. The length of the stay varied between 6 to 49 days, which is 21 days on average. Anthropometric indexes from bio-impedance measuring were monitored, as well as the volume of PA via sport-testers in minutes and via pedometers in steps. <strong>RESULTS</strong>: The multifrequency bio-impedance analysis proved a significant loss of overall weight of 6.18 kg in men and 4.28 kg in women, body fat reduction of 4.50 kg in men and 3.52 kg in women and a reduction of the visceral fat of 13.42 cm2 in men and 10.41 cm2 in women. A relationship was demonstrated between the volume of guided PA and a reduction of the fat weight and the visceral fat amount. For women, the relationship between fat reduction and the volume of PA within the training heart rate (HRt) is stronger, while for men, the reduction of fat depends more on the overall volume of PA while exercising with a focus on reaching the HRt. Another relationship was demonstrated between the volume of habitual PA a reduction of their fat's weight and their visceral fat amount. <strong>CONCLUSIONS</strong>: Complex intervention positively influenced the patients' health by reducing their overall weight and the weight of their fat. Guided PA within theit HRt has proven to be connected with changes in anthropometric indicators.<br>[<strong>V&Yacute;CHODISKA</strong>: Pro l&eacute;čbu obezity je vedle farmakoterapie doporučovan&aacute; tak&eacute; kombinace pohybov&eacute; aktivity (PA), diety a kognitivně-behavior&aacute;ln&iacute; terapie. <strong>C&Iacute;LE</strong>: V&yacute;zkumn&aacute; studie ověřovala efektivitu doporučovan&eacute; komplexn&iacute; intervence v l&eacute;čbě nadv&aacute;hy a obezity prostřednictv&iacute;m vyhodnocen&iacute; změn antropometrick&yacute;ch ukazatelů. <strong>METODIKA</strong>: Intervence zahrnovala ř&iacute;zenou pohybovou aktivitu, dietu a kognitivně-behavior&aacute;ln&iacute; terapii. PA byla realizov&aacute;na formou vytrvalostn&iacute;ho cvičen&iacute; s ř&iacute;zenou intenzitou zat&iacute;žen&iacute; (cvičen&iacute; na př&iacute;stroj&iacute;ch, seversk&aacute; chůze a skupinov&eacute; aerobn&iacute; cvičen&iacute;) a posilovac&iacute;m cvičen&iacute;m. Do studie bylo zařazeno 328 pacientů (233 žen a 95 mužů) ve věku 19 - 79 let, kteř&iacute; absolvovali l&eacute;čebn&yacute; pobyt zaměřen&yacute; na redukci hmotnosti v L&aacute;zn&iacute;ch Doln&iacute; Lipov&aacute;. Pobyt trval od 6 do 49 dn&iacute;, v průměru 21 dn&iacute;. Sledov&aacute;ny byly antropometrick&eacute; ukazatele z bioimpedančn&iacute;ho měřen&iacute; a objem PA sporttestery v minut&aacute;ch a krokoměry v kroc&iacute;ch. <strong>V&Yacute;SLEDKY</strong>: Multifrekvenčn&iacute; bioimpedančn&iacute; anal&yacute;zou byl prok&aacute;z&aacute;n signifikantn&iacute; &uacute;bytek celkov&eacute; hmotnosti 6,18 kg u mužů a 4,28 kg u žen, &uacute;bytek tělesn&eacute;ho tuku 4,50 kg u mužů a 3,52 kg u žen a &uacute;bytek &uacute;trobn&iacute;ho tuku 13,42 cm2 u mužů a 10,41 cm2 u žen. Byla prok&aacute;z&aacute;na souvislost ř&iacute;zen&eacute; PA a poklesu hmotnosti tuku a množstv&iacute; &uacute;trobn&iacute;ho tuku. U žen jsou silněj&scaron;&iacute; korelace redukce tuku s objemem PA v p&aacute;smu tr&eacute;ninkov&eacute; srdečn&iacute; frekvence (TSF), zat&iacute;mco redukce tuku mužů je silněji z&aacute;visl&aacute; na celkov&eacute;m objemu PA při cvičen&iacute; zaměřen&eacute;m na dosažen&iacute; p&aacute;sma TSF. D&aacute;le byla prok&aacute;z&aacute;na souvislost mezi objemem habitu&aacute;ln&iacute;ch PA a poklesem hmotnosti tuku a množstv&iacute; &uacute;trobn&iacute;ho tuku. <strong>Z&Aacute;VĚRY</strong>: Komplexn&iacute; intervence pozitivně ovlivnila zdravotn&iacute; stav pacientů sn&iacute;žen&iacute;m celkov&eacute; hmotnosti a hmotnosti tuku. Byla prok&aacute;z&aacute;na souvislost ř&iacute;zen&eacute; PA v p&aacute;smu TSF se změnami antropometrick&yacute;ch ukazatelů.]