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Subsequent to the ‘evangelical counsels’ of the Middle Ages (which encouraged Christian believers to pursue poverty, chastity, and obedience), the adjective ‘evangelical’ has attached to ‘theology’ in various ways. Thus, ‘evangelical theology’ potentially refers to: (first) a commitment to norm theology by the Christian gospel (euangelion in Greek); (second) European Protestantism, particularly in Germany, where Lutheran churches are called evangelische; and (third) a global network of Christians, parachurch organizations, and Protestant churches. This article addresses evangelical theology in the third, most common, sense. After addressing various challenges of definition with reference to David Bebbington’s widely-referenced ‘quadrilateral’ of characteristics, the article profiles six historical streams that have contributed to evangelical theology. Then the article sketches four consensus doctrines and four continuing debates that are most prominent. Finally, the article surveys six contemporary contexts of evangelical theology – considering five global regions along with approaches of evangelical theology to culture and society.