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Introduction: Dialysis nurses should have a good knowledge regarding hemodialysis treatment. The status of Nepalese dialysis nurses on this aspect is unknown. This study was done to assess the knowledge and practice on different aspects of the hemodialysis treatment. Methods: We distributed questionnaires to the participants of a conference held on September 24, 2016 in Kathmandu. We included 94 out of 116 participants who were giving care to dialysis patients. We calculated mean and standard deviation for continuous variables and frequencies and percentage for the responses and compared counseling with different parameters. Results: Response rate was >96%. Fifty-nine respondents (64%) were from age group 20-29 years. Only 39 (42%) received formal nursing training in hemodialysis. Seventy-one (78%) respondents always counseled patients regarding fluid intake. Thirty-seven (96%) trained nurses always counseled the importance of regular dialysis. Seventy-six (81.7%) respondents did counseling on vaccination against Hepatitis B. Counseling on vaccination against influenza and pneumococcus was 50%. When comparing educational status, respondents below bachelor level did more frequent counseling than level above (p=0.03). All the respondents knew the importance of hand washing and BP monitoring during hemodialysis. Ninety-one (96.7%) respondents knew how to deal with BP changes during hemodialysis. Seventy-three (77.6%) respondents were very confident on managing complications. Only 31(33%) respondents knew how to deal with patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. Conclusions: Dialysis nurses have knowledge on basic procedures of hemodialysis but there is a space for improvement in counseling and dealing with complications to provide quality service to hemodialysis patients. Keywords: counseling; hemodialysis; Nepal; nurse.