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We report the case of a 55-year-old woman who presented at the emergency department with hypogastric pain, fever, clinical signs of sepsis and a critical inflammation syndrome in her blood test values. CT-scan of the abdomen demonstrated an infected aneurysm of the right iliac artery. The patient underwent surgery with a favorable outcome. Histological examination of resected artery was performed and compared to the CT features. The authors review the literature and stress the importance of early diagnosis and treatement.