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Prediction of Successful Sperm Retrieval in Patients with Nonobstructive Azoospermia
oleh: Seyed Mohammad Mehdi Hosseini Moghaddam, Hamidreza Abdi, Hasan Jamshidian, Mohammadreza Nowroozi, Mohammadreza Ezzatnegad, Seyed Amirmohsen Ziaee
Format: | Article |
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Diterbitkan: | Urology and Nephrology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences 2006-03-01 |
Deskripsi
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Definitions */ p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal {mso-style-unhide:no; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:""; margin:0cm; margin-bottom:.0001pt; text-align:right; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; direction:rtl; unicode-bidi:embed; font-size:12.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";} .MsoChpDefault {mso-style-type:export-only; mso-default-props:yes; font-size:10.0pt; mso-ansi-font-size:10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;} @page Section1 {size:612.0pt 792.0pt; margin:72.0pt 72.0pt 72.0pt 72.0pt; mso-header-margin:36.0pt; mso-footer-margin:36.0pt; mso-paper-source:0;} div.Section1 {page:Section1;} --> <!--[if gte mso 10]> <style> /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Table Normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family:Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;} </style> <![endif]--> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed;"><strong>Introduction:</strong> Our aim was to evaluate the predictive values of factors that indicate<span> </span>successful sperm retrieval in men with nonobstructive azoospermia.</p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed;"><strong>Materials and Methods: </strong>We evaluated 85 infertile men with nonobstructive azoospermia who underwent multiple bilateral testicular biopsies. Factors including age, infertility period, surgical history, t<span style="color: black;">esticular</span><span style="color: red;"> </span><span style="color: black;">volume, testicular consistency, serum </span>follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), serum inhibin B, serum luteinizing hormone, and serum total testosterone were assessed in relation to sperm retrieval results.</p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed;"><strong>Results:</strong> Spermatozoa<strong> </strong>were retrieved in 18 biopsies (21.2%). Follicle-stimulating hormone, serum inhibin B, and t<span style="color: black;">esticular</span><span style="color: red;"> </span><span style="color: black;">volume were associated with the results of sperm retrieval. Men with a higher testicular volume, a higher serum inhibin B, and a lower FSH had successful sperm retrieval. </span>The cutoff points were determined as 9.5 mL for testicular volume, 9.9 IU/L for serum FSH, and 39.8 pg/mL for serum inhibin B. These 3 factors had strong correlations with each other. The sensitivities and specificities were 88.9% and 94% for testicular volume, 97% and 83.3% for FSH, and 72.2% and 95.5% for serum inhibin B, respectively. The positive predictive value for a combination of serum FSH and inhibin B was 100%.</p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed;"><strong>Conclusio<span style="color: black;">n: </span></strong>Serum FSH and serum inhibin B are useful markers for evaluation of the presence of sperm in patients with nonobstructive azoospermia. Inhibin B has a high specificity when combined with serum FSH and their measurements can be helpful in all patients with nonobstructive azoospermia before decision making for sperm retrieval.</p>