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Background: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a relatively new medical technology with various applications. This study aims to evaluate the performance of this technology in diagnosis and treatment of heart and neurological diseases. Methods: In this systematic review, electronic databases including the Cochrane library (DARE, NHS EEDs, CENTRAL and Cochrane systematic reviews), MEDLINE، EMBASE and TRIP were searched which retrieved 25 articles. Inclusion criteria were studies in which MRI 3 Tesla was compared with a reference standard method including MRI 1.5 Tesla, and the outcomes were sensitivity, specificity, signal to noise ratio (SNR) and safety. Finding: 25 papers were included. Most of them had a relatively good quality. The majority showed that the diagnostic performance (sensitivity and specificity) of 3 Tesla was higher than 1.5 Tesla. The SN of 3 Tesla varied between 79 and 91% compared to 79 and 90% for 1.5 Tesla. The SP of 3 Tesla varied between 76 and 95% for 3 Tesla compared to 67 and 87% for 1.5 Tesla. Most of studies showed that the technical quality of images was higher with 3 Tesla compared to 1.5 Tesla. Both 1.5 and 3 Tesla were safe although 3 Tesla led to slightly more sensory stimuli. Conclusion: The diagnostic and technical performance of 3 Tesla is slightly higher than 1.5 Tesla. 3 Tesla is slightly better in diagnosis of some specific cases.