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The deep integration of digital technology and finance is driving a rapid transformation of financial services in China. Inclusive Finance, different from traditional finance, how to play the role of “inclusive” on environmental decision-making to promote the national environmental protection work? There is little literature to inquire the role of Inclusive Finance at the micro level. This paper discusses the impact of inclusive finance on enterprise environmental protection investment and its conduction mechanism. The study found that inclusive finance could drive enterprise environmental investment. In particular, the usage depth of inclusive finance has a sustainable effect on the promotion of environmental protection investment. Furthermore, the empirical test of the mechanism shows that inclusive finance can break through the mismatch problems of traditional finance and display a better “inclusive” feature to ease the credit constraints and enhance their ability of technological innovation, which help enterprise to invest in environmental protection. Based on our findings, we provide empirical evidence and policy options for the optimization of inclusive finance to help environment protection.