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Cold-forming processes represent important technologies in steel processing. Cold-formed workpieces are often case-hardened in an energy- and cost-intensive process. Alternative finishing can be carried out by means of mechanical surface treatments, such as deep rolling or machine hammer peening. Since the limitations of deep rolling of cold-formed workpieces have been insufficiently explored, this work investigates cause-and-effect relationships between the process parameters of full forward extrusion and deep rolling and the resulting surface integrity. For the experimental investigation, the material 16MnCr5 is used. The focus of the workpiece analysis is on the resulting residual stresses, hardness, and roughness.