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The use of probiotics such as <i>Lactobacillus</i> and <i>Bifidobacterium</i> spp. as a therapeutic against inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is of significant interest. <i>Lactobacillus salivarus</i> strain UCC118^TM is a commensal that has been shown to possess probiotic properties in vitro and anti-infective properties in vivo. However, the usefulness of UCC118 ^TM as a therapeutic against colitis remains unclear. This study investigates the probiotic potential of <i>Lactobacillus salivarius</i>, UCC118™ in a mouse model of colitis. DSS-induced colitis was coupled with pre-treatment or post-treatment with UCC118^TM by daily oral gavage. In the pre-treatment model of colitis, UCC118^TM reduced the severity of the disease in the early stages. Improvement in disease severity was coupled with an upregulation of tissue IL-10 levels and increased expression of macrophage M2 markers. This anti-inflammatory activity of UCC118^TM was further confirmed in vitro, using a model of LPS-treated bone marrow-derived macrophages. Taken together, these results suggest that UCC118^TM may promote the resolution of inflammation. This was supported in a mouse model of established DSS-induced colitis whereby UCC118^TM treatment accelerated recovery, as evidenced by weight, stool, histological markers and the recovery of microbiome-associated dysbiosis with an increased abundance of beneficial commensal species. These results demonstrate the potential of <i>Lactobacillus salivarius</i> UCC118^TM as a probiotic-based therapeutic strategy to promote health through the upregulation of anti-inflammatory IL-10 and protect against dysbiosis during IBD.