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Taeniasis is a foodborne zoonotic parasitic disease caused by parasitism of Taenia solium, Taenia saginata and Taenia asiatica in the human intestine. Humans are the only ultimate hosts. In this article, the diagnosis and treatment of a patient with acute abdomen caused by taeniasis were reported. The 28-year old male patient was mainly manifested as abdominal pain. Blood routine, biochemistry, imaging and other examinations after admission excluded the possibility of appendicitis and the possibility of acute abdomen induced by other causes was considered. After conservative treatment including abstinence from drinking and eating, enema, anti-inflammation and fluid replacement, the patient restored defecation and flatus, and abdominal pain was significantly mitigated. The diagnosis of incomplete intestinal obstruction caused by infection of Taenia was confirmed by the segments of Taenia in the stool sample. The patient was given with albendazole and successfully discharged from hospital. This case suggests that clinicians should deepen the understanding of intestinal parasitic diseases, broaden diagnostic thinking, and reduce missed diagnosis and misdiagnosis.