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Highly sensitive, stable, low production costs, together with easy maintenance and portability, sensors are ever most demanded nowadays for monitoring and quantification of hazardous chemicals/gases in the environment. The utilization of one dimensional (1D) metal oxide nano structured chemical/gas sensors for environmental monitoring is vastly investigated because of their superior surface to volume ratio, stability, and low production costs, to provide information on the presence of chemical species. Several outstanding attempts have been pursued investigating 1D nano structures of Co₃O₄ over the past decades as an active material for chemical analytes detection owing to its superior catalytic effect together with its excellent stability. This article reviews the state-of-the-art of growth and characterization of Co₃O₄ 1D nano structures and their functional characterization as chemical/gas sensors. Moreover, fundamental concepts and characteristic features, that enhance the key performances of chemical/gas sensors, are discussed. Finally, challenges and prospective for growth and fabrication of 1D Co₃O₄ chemical/gas sensors are discussed.