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The Tamm-Horsfall protein (THP), also known as uromodulin (UMOD), is a kidney-derived protein released bidirectionally in the blood and urine. Blood and urinary THP may be markers of early predictive diagnosis of acute kidney injury(AKI) and possibly as one of the indicators of AKI severity. At the same time, THP plays a role in protecting kidney function in AKI through inhibiting reactive oxygen species accumulation, anti-inflammatory response and regulating macrophages. So it is a potential target in the clinical treatment of AKI.