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This article outlines the preparation of manganese-doped copper nanoparticles (Mn + Cu NPs) using <i>Vinca rosea</i> (L.) leaf extract as a convenient and environmentally friendly substance. UV–vis, FT–IR, XRD, SEM–EDAX, and DLS instrumental techniques were employed to describe the physical and chemical properties of synthesized <i>V. rosea</i> extract-mediated <i>Vr</i>-Mn + Cu NPs. The synthesized <i>Vr</i>-Mn + Cu NPs were observed to be monodispersed and spherical, with an average size of 412 nm. The plant extract includes a variety of phytochemical components. The <i>Vr</i>-Mn + Cu NPs also have potential antioxidant and antibacterial properties against selected pathogens. The green synthesized <i>Vr</i>-Mn + Cu NPs showed a maximum inhibition zone of 16.33 ± 0.57 mm against <i>E. coli</i>. For dye degradation, MR, EBT, and MO showed the highest degradation percentage capabilities with <i>Vr</i>-Mn + Cu NP-based adsorbents, which were determined to be 78.54 ± 0.16, 87.67 ± 0.06, and 69.79 ± 0.36. The results clearly show that biosynthesized <i>Vr</i>-Mn + Cu NPs may be employed as an antioxidant, antibacterial, photocatalytic dye degradation, and catalytic agent, as well as being ecologically benign.