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Life and work of Maria Zambrano and Xavier Zubiri as representatives of the first period of «Escuela de Madrid», crosses and articulates in this paper research, through the criticism that both philosophers do about Cartesian self, allowing thus to address the originality of Spanish thought from an anthropological perspective. The solipsism, which is verified by Ortega y Gasset, is an evidence of the European crisis that outstands in modernity and the point of view of this analysis.