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In special locations (scenes) such as campuses and closed parks, small unmanned vehicles have gained more attention and application. Autonomous navigation is one of the key technologies of low-speed small unmanned vehicles. It has become a research hotspot, but there are still many problems, such as perception sensitivity, navigation, and positioning accuracy, motion planning accuracy, and tracking control accuracy. In order to sort out the research status of the key technologies of autonomous navigation for small unmanned vehicles more clearly, this paper firstly reviews the key technologies of autonomous navigation and presents an analysis and summary. Finally, future research trends of small unmanned vehicles with low speed are given.