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In this paper, low-sulfur crude oil, high-sulfur crude oil and heavy naphtha oil were selected to carry out free combustion experiment with different combustion areas in outdoor open space, and the experimental data of combustion rate, flame temperature and heat radiation flux at measuring points were obtained.In addition, FDS was used to establish a full-size model to obtain the simulation results of flame temperature and heat radiation flux at measuring points.The results show that:(1) Both low-sulfur crude oil and high-sulfur crude oil have three combustion stages.The combustion rate increases almost in a linear trend in the initial development stage of combustion.The stable combustion stage is not obvious, and there are not many obvious stable combustion stages.Heavy naphtha shows boiling combustion phase.(2) The temperature at the center of the oil pan first increases and then decreases with the increase of the height, while the temperature outside the plume decreases with the increase of the height, and this downward trend is first sharp and then slow.In the continuous flame area, the high temperature concentration tends to be stable, and in the intermittent flame area and buoyancy plume area, the temperature dispersion degree is larger.(3) By customizing the combustion rate curve into FDS, accurate simulation of heat radiation flux received at the measuring point can be achieved.When the flame radiation flux in the cylindrical model is divided into the luminous region at the bottom and the plume at the top, the higher the power of the fire source, the closer the calculated value is to the measured value.For the high-power oil pool fire, the critical curve of "safety distance-time" can be determined to obtain the time that people can be exposed at different locations from the fire source.