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Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) localised to the promoter region of the <i>FCN2</i> gene are known to influence the concentration of ficolin-2 in human serum and therefore potentially have clinical associations. We investigated the relationships between SNPs at positions −986 (A > G), −602 (G > A), −64 (A > C) and −4 (A > G) and clinical complications in 501 preterms. Major alleles at positions −986 and −64 and A/A homozygosity for both polymorphisms were less frequent among babies with very low birthweight (VLBW, ≤1500 g) compared with the reference group (OR = 0.24, <i>p</i> = 0.0029; and OR = 0.49, <i>p</i> = 0.024, respectively for A/A genotypes). A lower frequency of G/G homozygosity at position −4 was associated with gestational age <33 weeks and VLBW (OR = 0.38, <i>p</i> = 0.047; and OR = 0.07, <i>p</i> = 0.0034, respectively). The AGAG haplotype was protective for VLBW (OR = 0.6, <i>p</i> = 0.0369), whilst the GGCA haplotype had the opposite effect (OR = 2.95, <i>p</i> = 0.0249). The latter association was independent of gestational age. The AGAG/GGAA diplotype favoured both shorter gestational age and VLBW (OR = 1.82, <i>p</i> = 0.0234 and OR = 1.95, <i>p</i> = 0.0434, respectively). In contrast, AGAG homozygosity was protective for lower body mass (OR = 0.09, <i>p</i> = 0.0155). Our data demonstrate that some <i>FCN2</i> variants associated with relatively low ficolin-2 increase the risk of VLBW and suggest that ficolin-2 is an important factor for fetal development/intrauterine growth.