Effects of Annealing on Characteristics of Cu<sub>2</sub>ZnSnSe<sub>4</sub>/CH<sub>3</sub>NH<sub>3</sub>PbI<sub>3</sub>/ZnS/IZO Nanostructures for Enhanced Photovoltaic Solar Cells

oleh: Chzu-Chiang Tseng, Gwomei Wu, Liann-Be Chang, Ming-Jer Jeng, Wu-Shiung Feng, Dave W. Chen, Lung-Chien Chen, Kuan-Lin Lee

Format: Article
Diterbitkan: MDPI AG 2020-03-01

Deskripsi

This paper presents new photovoltaic solar cells with Cu<sub>2</sub>ZnSnSe<sub>4</sub>/CH<sub>3</sub>NH<sub>3</sub>PbI<sub>3</sub>(MAPbI<sub>3</sub>)/ZnS/IZO/Ag nanostructures on bi-layer Mo/FTO (fluorine-doped tin oxide) glasssubstrates. The hole-transporting layer, active absorber layer, electron-transporting layer, transparent-conductive oxide layer, and top electrode-metal contact layer, were made of Cu<sub>2</sub>ZnSnSe<sub>4</sub>, MAPbI<sub>3</sub> perovskite, zincsulfide, indium-doped zinc oxide, and silver, respectively. The active absorber MAPbI<sub>3</sub> perovskite film was deposited on Cu<sub>2</sub>ZnSnSe<sub>4</sub> hole-transporting layer that has been annealed at different temperatures. TheseCu<sub>2</sub>ZnSnSe<sub>4</sub> filmsexhibitedthe morphology with increased crystal grain sizesand reduced pinholes, following the increased annealing temperature. When the perovskitefilm thickness was designed at 700 nm, the Cu<sub>2</sub>ZnSnSe<sub>4</sub> hole-transporting layer was 160 nm, and the IZO (indium-zinc oxide) at 100 nm, and annealed at 650 &#176;C, the experimental results showed significant improvements in the solar cell characteristics. The open-circuit voltage was increased to 1.1 V, the short-circuit current was improved to 20.8 mA/cm<sup>2</sup>, and the device fill factor was elevated to 76.3%. In addition, the device power-conversion efficiency has been improved to 17.4%. The output power <i>P<sub>max</sub></i> was as good as 1.74 mW and the device series-resistance was 17.1 &#937;.