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This two-part article concerns a type of chronic pain condition, Complex Regional Pain Syndrome (CRPS) – previously known as Reflex Sympathetic Dystrophy. Part one of the article gives a review of main developments in recent medical knowledge about CRPS and aims to describe and evaluate content and consequences of symptoms and disease mechanism which are important in physiotherapy treatment planning. The article presents a multidisciplinary therapeutic algorithm based on the Stanton Hicks problem-solving model for CRPS. It describes a sequential and paced treatment pathway in which tailored physiotherapeutic interventions are central in achieving improvement in the functional rehabilitation. Medical and psychological interventions are included to facilitate the effect of physiotherapy