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How immunological cues trigger cancer cell-intrinsic signaling pathways for their entering dormancy remains an enigma. In out recent studies, we found that IFN-β induces tumor-repopulating cells (TRC) into dormancy by activating Indoleamine-pyrrole 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO)-Kynurenine-aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR)-cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1B (p27) pathway, while blocking this pathway leads dormant TRCs to apoptosis by switching to STAT3-cellular tumor antigen p53 (p53) pathway.