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<p><em>Chlamydia trachomatis</em>  is the most common bacterial pathogen causing sexually transmitted infections. As prenatal screening for <em>C. trachomatis</em> and treatment of pregnant women is not practice in Slovenia, perinatal transmission of <em>C. trachomatis</em> may therefore occur. We present a case of infant chlamydial pneumonia to illustrate that a high index of suspicion is necessary to make the diagnosis in an afebrile infant with cough and “bronchiolitis”. Unnecessary investigations can be avoided and treatment can be promptly instituted if a diagnosis is made  on time.</p>