Enterobacter cloacae Outbreak and Emergence of Quinolone Resistance Gene in Dutch Hospital

oleh: Armand Paauw, Ad C. Fluit, Jan Verhoef, Maurine A. Leverstein-van Hall

Format: Article
Diterbitkan: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 2006-05-01

Deskripsi

An outbreak of Enterobacter cloacae infections with variable susceptibility to fluoroquinolones occurred in the University Medical Center Utrecht in the Netherlands in 2002. Our investigation showed that a qnrA1 gene was present in 78 (94%) of 83 outbreak isolates and that a qnrA1-encoding plasmid transferred to other strains of the same species and other species. The earliest isolate carrying this same plasmid was isolated in 1999. qnrA1 was located in a complex integron consisting of the intI1, aadB, qacEΔ1, sul1, orf513, qnrA1, ampR, qacEΔ1, and sul1 genes that were not described previously. On the same plasmid, 2 other class 1 integrons were present. One was a new integron associated with the blaCTX-M-9 extended-spectrum β-lactamase.