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Numerous studies have shown that the endophytic fungus <i>Piriformospora indica</i> has a broad range of promoting effects on root development and plant growth in host plants. However, there are currently no reports on the application of this fungus on <i>Cerasus humilis</i>. This study first compared the colonization ability of <i>P. indica</i> on 11 <i>C. humilis</i> varieties and found that the colonization rate of this fungus on these varieties ranged from 90% to 100%, with the colonization rate of the varieties ‘09-01’ and ‘Nongda 7’ being as high as 100%. Subsequently, the effect of <i>P. indica</i> on root development and plant growth of <i>C. humilis</i> was investigated using cuttings of ‘09-01’ and ‘Nongda 7’ as materials. <i>P. indica</i> colonization was found to increase the biomass of ‘09-01’ and ‘Nongda 7’ plants; root activity, POD enzymes, and chlorophyll content were also significantly increased. In addition, indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) content in the roots of <i>C. humilis</i> plants increased after colonization, while jasmonic acid (JA) and 1-aminocyclopropane-1-car- boxylic acid (ACC) content decreased. In conclusion, it has been demonstrated that <i>P. indica</i> can promote the growth of <i>C. humilis</i> plants by accelerating biomass accumulation, promoting rooting, and enhancing the production of photosynthetic pigments, as well as regulating hormone synthesis.