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Abstract This paper investigates the performance of a two‐hop decode‐and‐forward relaying system when the source node is energy‐constrained and it harnesses energy using the radio frequency signal radiated by the relay node. Data transmission at the energy‐constrained source node is enabled by the energy harvested at the node. The analysis is presented for two modulation schemes: coherent M‐ary phase‐shift keying and orthogonal non‐coherent M‐ary frequency‐shift keying. Analytical and asymptotic expressions for the average symbol error rate are derived for the considered modulation schemes under κ−μ shadowed fading. The results are plotted to investigate the system's performance with variation in modulation order, fading parameters, and relay location.