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Abstract In this commentary, we discussed the important role of intratumoural specific T‐cell receptor (TCR) β chain rearrangements on tumour‐infiltrating lymphocytes in predicting clinical outcomes of adjuvant tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy or chemotherapy in patients with non‐small‐cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation from two aspects. The in‐depth study of the local immune microenvironment may help to discover possible biomarkers for predicting the overall survival and disease‐free survival and may further direct to select of the appropriate adjuvant therapy in EGFR‐mutant NSCLC patients according to the special TCR rearrangements.