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This article describes work concerning the compressive properties in hygrothermal environment of three-dimensional (3D) five-directional braided composites. Hygrothermal aging tests at temperatures of 40, 60, and 80°C and compression tests were carried out on the specimens with three braiding angles of 15, 25, and 35°. The surface morphologies of the samples taken using scanning electron microscope before and after the hygrothermal aging test were used to analyze the influence of the hygrothermal environment on the internal structure of braided composites. The experimental results indicate that the hygrothermal environment has a more influence on the specimens with a braiding angle of 15°, and the greater the moisture absorption percentage, the lower the retention ratios of compressive strength and modulus. Compared with room temperature, the compressive strength and modulus of specimens with a braiding angle of 15° reduced by 72.2 and 82.7% as the water bath temperature increased from 40 to 80°C. Moreover, the failure mechanisms of 3D five-directional braided composites in the hygrothermal environment were analyzed.