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Abstract Aim The purpose of this qualitative study was to describe the health‐promoting behaviours of patients with hyperuricaemia and influencing factors. Design A descriptive qualitative design was used to gain insight into the personal experience of health promotion behaviour in patients with hyperuricaemia. Methods Sixteen patients were sampled in face‐to‐face interviews with maximum variation, and the data were transcribed verbatim. The data analysis was based on the phrases of thematic analysis outlined by Braun and Clarke (2006). Results Four main themes were identified in the data: (a) Perception of disease; (b) Motivation to change health‐promoting behaviour; (c) Strategies for health‐promoting behaviour; and (d) Encounter obstacles to change health‐promoting behaviour.