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Lead (Pb) is a common toxic heavy metal element that can be absorbed by plant roots and enter the food chain, damaging human health. <i>Alnus cremastogyne</i> has a wide native range, is fast growing, has a wide range of timber uses, and has rhizomatous roots that can improve planted soils. In this study, we evaluated whether <i>Alnus cremastogyne</i> has the potential to remediate Pb-contaminated soils through a 6-month pot experiment in soils with different Pb concentrations (0, 50, 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg). Our results indicate that <i>Alnus cremastogyne</i> plant height, basal diameter, and organ biomass decreased, H₂O₂ and MDA content increased, and the activities of antioxidant enzymes and osmotic regulators increased and then decreased with increasing lead concentrations. The Pb bioconcentration factor of <i>Alnus cremastogyne</i> was less than 1 at all Pb concentrations, and Pb accumulated mainly in the root system. This indicates that <i>Alnus cremastogyne</i> is not a Pb-enriched plant and does not have outstanding Pb transport capacity. The growth of <i>Alnus cremastogyne</i> was not significantly affected at low Pb concentrations, and its plant height, basal diameter, and biomass were significantly suppressed under high Pb stress. Therefore, <i>Alnus cremastogyne</i> is not a suitable species for the remediation of lead-contaminated soils but can be used as a silvicultural species in environments with low lead levels.