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Phtheochroa carpatiana sp. nov. is described from the Southern Carpathians (Romania). It is closely related to the other five members of the P. frigidana species-group. Adults, male and female genitalia, and the habitat of the new species are described and figured, molecular data and some details of the biology are given. The species inhabits alpine meadows above 2100 m, the highest regions of the Southern Carpathians. Adults are on the wing from the end of June to the beginning of August. Phtheochroa carpatiana demonstrates considerable intraspecific variation in some details of the vesica in the male genitalia.