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Molecular imprinting is an attractive research area for synthesizing unique functional polymers with high selectivity due to template oriented active sites. Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) have a wide range of applications in chemical and biological sensing, drug delivery, and solid-phase extraction owing to mechanical stability, reversibility, reproducibility, and cross-validity. MIPs are compatible with natural antibodies and are being used as antibody mimics/receptors in the biomedical field. Today, viral detection is the most popular research area due to emerging viral diseases with genetic variability and drug resistance. Therefore, there is a need to control viral infections by discriminative recognition of the viral pathogens. This review summarizes the literature on the detection of human viruses by using MIPs.