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With the rapid worldwide spread of a new coronavirus with the scientific name SARS-CoV-2 at the beginning of 2020, attempts to produce a vaccine started in different countries. This study aimed to review the mechanisms and functions of the coronavirus protein as a basis for vaccine production. A rapid review of available studies is conducted. Related information was extracted and summarized, compared, and discussed with regards to the coronavirus mechanisms and acts as a pathogen, including apoptosis and autophagy. An overview of available information on coronavirus functional mechanisms was performed to aid researchers in the development and production of vaccines against it.