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In order to study and verify if the three corrosive irons of SO₄²⁻, Mg²⁺, and Cl⁻ could promote or inhibit each other in concrete corrosion as time goes by, we take Metakaolin (MK) as the research object to explore the interaction mechanism among ions by testing the physical and mechanical properties, the ion content, the phase composition, and the microstructural changes of the MK concrete under the action of various ion combinations. The results show that during the initial and middle stages of the corrosion (40–80 days), SO₄²⁻ and Mg²⁺ are in reciprocal inhibition relation, Cl⁻ could inhibit the action of SO₄²⁻, and Mg²⁺ could promote the diffusion of Cl⁻. However, at the final stage of corrosion (120 days), SO₄²⁻ and Mg²⁺ could mutually promote each other, and both irons could promote the diffusion of Cl⁻. Mg²⁺ could mainly produce magnesium hydroxide and M-S-H inside the concrete, SO₄²⁻ mainly generates the ettringite and gypsum, while Cl⁻ mainly produces Friedel salt and NaCl crystal.