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Are Women with Normal-Weight Obesity at Higher Risk for Cardiometabolic Disorders?
oleh: Damoon Ashtary-Larky, Sara Niknam, Meysam Alipour, Reza Bagheri, Omid Asbaghi, Mehrnaz Mohammadian, Salvador J. Jaime, Julien S. Baker, Alexei Wong, Katsuhiko Suzuki, Reza Afrisham
Format: | Article |
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Diterbitkan: | MDPI AG 2023-01-01 |
Deskripsi
Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the cardiometabolic abnormalities in women with normal-weight obesity (NWO) in comparison with lean, overweight, and obese women. Methods: This cross-sectional study evaluated the assessment of cardiometabolic abnormalities of women with NWO compared to lean, overweight, and obese women. NWO was defined as a BMI < 25 kg.m<sup>−2</sup> and a BFP higher than 30%. Anthropometric variables, cardiometabolic abnormality markers (fasting blood glucose (FBG), blood pressure (BP), lipid profile, insulin resistance, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP)), and liver enzymes were also examined. Results: Significant differences were observed in HDL concentrations between NWO, lean, and obese participants (<i>p</i> < 0.05). There were no significant differences in FBG, insulin resistance, liver enzymes, or cholesterol between groups (<i>p</i> > 0.05). The prevalence of the abnormal metabolic phenotype was higher in NWO compared to the lean group (4.0% and 24.1%, respectively; <i>p</i> < 0.05). Women with type 2 and 3 obesity had abnormal metabolic profiles (60.9% and 73.9%, respectively) compared to NWO participants (<i>p</i> < 0.01). The NWO group had a significantly higher incidence of cardiometabolic abnormalities compared to the lean participants (<i>p</i> < 0.05), while the type 2 and 3 obese individuals had significantly higher incidences compared to the NWO group (<i>p</i> < 0.001 and <i>p</i> < 0.001, respectively). Conclusions: Individuals with NWO had a significantly higher incidence of cardiometabolic abnormalities when compared to lean participants. These abnormalities strongly relate to BFP and waist circumferences.