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Ficus formosana Maxim is an economically valuable plant that is traditionally used in Chinese medicine. Here, we assembled the complete chloroplast (cp) genome of F. formosana using Illumina high-throughput sequencing technology. The cp genome size is 160,606 bp, with 35.90% GC content, including a large single copy region (LSC) of 88,668 bp, a small single copy region (SSC) of 20,140 bp and a pair of inverted repeat regions (IRs) of 25,899 bp. It encodes 86 protein-coding, 37 tRNA and 8 rRNA genes. Phylogenetic analysis fully resolved F. formosana on a branch with Ficus erecta within the genus Ficus. The complete cp genome sequence of F. formosana will provide valuable information for species identification and phylogenetic evolution.