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A combination of temperature and microstructure prediction models for the laser quenching process of GCr15 bearing steel was established. The thermo-physical parameters and austenitizaiton kinetics of GCr15 bearing steel were obtained with the laser flash and dilatometer experiments, respectively, to improve the prediction accuracy of the model. The dilatometric experiment results for the austenitization kinetics for high heating rates were fitted with the isochronal JMA relationship. Basing on the experimental results, the temperature and microstructure evolutions of GCr15 bearing steel during the laser quenching processes were simulated. According to the simulation results, optimized technological parameters for the laser quenching process were proposed.