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The present study aims to investigate the effect of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) on liver lipid metabolism and on AA broilers. Broilers were divided into three groups and fed with low-fat diets, high-fat diets, and high-fat diets supplemented with GABA. Results showed that GABA supplementation decreased the level of triglyceride (TG) in the serum and liver of broilers fed high-fat diets, accompanied by up-regulated mRNA expression of genes related to lipolysis and β-oxidation in the liver (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Furthermore, GABA supplementation increased liver antioxidant capacity, accompanied by up-regulated mRNA expression of antioxidant genes (<i>p</i> < 0.05). 16S rRNA gene sequencing showed that GABA improved high-fat diet-induced dysbiosis of gut microbiota, increased the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes phylum and <i>Barnesiella</i> genus, and decreased the relative abundance of Firmicutes phylum and <i>Ruminococcus_torques_group</i> and <i>Romboutsia</i> genus (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Moreover, GABA supplementation promoted the production of propionic acid and butyric acid in cecal contents. Correlation analysis further suggested the ratio of Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes negatively correlated with hepatic TG content, and positively correlated with cecal short chain fatty acids content (<i>r</i> > 0.6, <i>p</i> < 0.01). Together, these data suggest that GABA supplementation can inhibit hepatic TG deposition and steatosis via regulating gut microbiota in broilers.