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A single mutation in Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus discovered in ticks impairs infectivity in human cells
oleh: Brian L Hua, Florine EM Scholte, Valerie Ohlendorf, Anne Kopp, Marco Marklewitz, Christian Drosten, Stuart T Nichol, Christina Spiropoulou, Sandra Junglen, Éric Bergeron
Format: | Article |
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Diterbitkan: | eLife Sciences Publications Ltd 2020-10-01 |
Deskripsi
Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is the most widely distributed tick-borne viral infection in the world. Strikingly, reported mortality rates for CCHF are extremely variable, ranging from 5% to 80% (Whitehouse, 2004). CCHF virus (CCHFV, Nairoviridae) exhibits extensive genomic sequence diversity across strains (Deyde et al., 2006; Sherifi et al., 2014). It is currently unknown if genomic diversity is a factor contributing to variation in its pathogenicity. We obtained complete genome sequences of CCHFV directly from the tick reservoir. These new strains belong to a solitary lineage named Europe 2 that is circumstantially reputed to be less pathogenic than the epidemic strains from Europe 1 lineage. We identified a single tick-specific amino acid variant in the viral glycoprotein region that dramatically reduces its fusion activity in human cells, providing evidence that a glycoprotein precursor variant, present in ticks, has severely impaired function in human cells.