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The study focused on utilizing lemon grass straw to generate cellulose through the process of delignification, which involves the removal of hemicelluloses, followed by bleaching. The study involves the microwave-assisted alkali extraction, followed by characterizing the extracted material. At microwave power of 540 W using 8 % NaOH for 3 min for lignin removal and 540 W for 2 min for bleaching showed the maximum yield of 37.46 %. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy is employed to analyze the physical properties of extracted cellulose, namely the hydroxyl (OH), carbonyl (C=O), C–H bonds, C–O and C–C bonds, and glycosidic linkage (C–O–C) within the cellulose polymer chain. The extracted cellulose exhibited excellent thermal stability, as indicated by its high breakdown temperature. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis revealed prominent peaks at 14.8°, 16.5°, and 22.5°, demonstrating the presence of crystalline cellulose. The crystallinity index value of 70.02 % further confirmed the crystalline nature of the extracted cellulose.