Benzophenone Derivatives with Histamine H<sub>3</sub> Receptor Affinity and Cholinesterase Inhibitory Potency as Multitarget-Directed Ligands for Possible Therapy of Alzheimer’s Disease

oleh: Justyna Godyń, Paula Zaręba, Dorota Stary, Maria Kaleta, Kamil J. Kuder, Gniewomir Latacz, Szczepan Mogilski, David Reiner-Link, Annika Frank, Agata Doroz-Płonka, Agnieszka Olejarz-Maciej, Sylwia Sudoł-Tałaj, Tobias Nolte, Jadwiga Handzlik, Holger Stark, Anna Więckowska, Barbara Malawska, Katarzyna Kieć-Kononowicz, Dorota Łażewska, Marek Bajda

Format: Article
Diterbitkan: MDPI AG 2022-12-01

Deskripsi

The multitarget-directed ligands demonstrating affinity to histamine H<sub>3</sub> receptor and additional cholinesterase inhibitory potency represent a promising strategy for research into the effective treatment of Alzheimer’s disease. In this study, a novel series of benzophenone derivatives was designed and synthesized. Among these derivatives, we identified compound <b>6</b> with a high affinity for H<sub>3</sub>R (<i>K<sub>i</sub></i> = 8 nM) and significant inhibitory activity toward BuChE (IC<sub>50</sub> = 172 nM and 1.16 µM for <i>eq</i>BuChE and <i>h</i>BuChE, respectively). Further in vitro studies revealed that compound <b>6</b> (4-fluorophenyl) (4-((5-(piperidin-1-yl)pentyl)oxy)phenyl)methanone) displays moderate metabolic stability in mouse liver microsomes, good permeability with a permeability coefficient value (P<sub>e</sub>) of 6.3 × 10<sup>−6</sup> cm/s, and its safety was confirmed in terms of hepatotoxicity in the HepG2 cell line. Therefore, we investigated the in vivo activity of compound <b>6</b> in the Passive Avoidance Test and the Formalin Test. While compound <b>6</b> did not show a statistically significant influence on memory and learning, it showed analgesic properties in both acute (ED<sub>50</sub> = 20.9 mg/kg) and inflammatory (ED<sub>50</sub> = 17.5 mg/kg) pain.