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Abstract Background: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a most common neurodegenerative disorder. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of probiotic on cognitive function in patients with Alzheimer disease. Materials and Methods: This clinical trial was conducted among 48 AD patients. The patients were randomly divided into two groups (n=23 in control group and n=25 in probiotic group) treating with capsules 500mg containing maltodextrine (control group) and probiotic supplementation (probiotic group) for 12 weeks. Mini-mental state examination (MMSE) and TYM test score was recorded in all subjects before and after treatment. Results: After 12 weeks intervention, compared with the control group, the probiotic treated, patients with mild degree of Alzheimer disease showed an improvement in the MMSE, TYM score (p < 0.0001). Conclusion: Our current study demonstrated that probiotic consumption for 12 weeks positively affects cognitive function in mild degree of AD.