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A lot of emphasis has been paid to the greener method of synthesizing nanomaterials since it is a viable, dependable, cost-effective, wealthy, and eco-friendly paradigm. Perhaps using a greener method of synthesis is seen as a smart tool to reduce the hazardous effects added to the traditional methods of synthesis suited for nanomaterials that are often preferred in industry and lab. This book describes the fundamental procedures on the sophisticated eco-friendly and green synthesis patterns and techniques, with special attention paid to metal and metal-based oxides. Wastewater from the textile sector, which contains chemicals like dye and other pollutants, is a substantial source. The environment suffers severe damage when hundreds of tons of dye used in textile processing and finishing are released into natural streams and aquatic bodies. Numerous studies have been conducted utilizing low-cost technologies to create absorbents that can remove colours from water bodies in response to environmental concerns. Different methods have been used to remove dyes, including adsorption, enzymatic and photocatalytic degradation, etc. The most current and valuable concept for treating wastewater, utilizing specially produced nanomaterials, is photocatalysis, a straightforward and environmentally friendly method. This review article covers the primary goal of biological methods, green nanoparticle production, numerous green synthesis techniques, the benefits of greener chemistry, and its use in photocatalysis for the degradation of industrial dyes. Overall, this review explores the way for advancements in photocatalysis research using metal oxides synthesized by green methods for the better environmental monitoring and zero energy waste.