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The tensile-shear strength of laser-welded lap joints developed in abrasion resistance ultra-high strength ARS-600 steel was optimized by evaluating the joints achieved with different welding parameters and various configurations of weld patterns, including multiple continuous longitudinal and transverse weldments. The microstructural evolution of the fusion zone was characterized by electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) after welding with different values of energy input (60–320 J/mm). Furthermore, in order to better comprehend the shear response of different weld patterns, stress analysis of various longitudinal and transverse lap joints was conducted by the finite element method (FEM).