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PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to investigate the difference between fencers of national team and reserve team on physique and physical fitness. METHODS Forty six elite fencers participated to this program. The participants were divided into four by gender and level (National Group; NG, Reserve Group; RG). The analysis factors were physique and physical fitness. Independent t-test with SPSS 23.0 was used to analyze the differences between groups. RESULTS In male fencers, weight (p<.05), %fat (p<.01), BMI (p<.05), chest (p<.001), waist (p<.01), hip (p<.05), upper arm (p<.001), and forearm (p<.01) in physique, back (p<.001) and grip (p<.001) strength, change step jump (p<.001), front & back step (p<.01) in agility, reaction time (p<.001), front (p<.01) and back (p<.05) ankle ROM in flexibility, absolute peak power (p<.01) and relative average power (p<.05) in anaerobic power were significantly high in NG compared to RG. In female, upper leg (p<.05) in physique was significantly high in RG compare to NG whereas back (p<.05) and grip (p<.05) strength, sit up (p<.001) in muscle endurance, change step jump (p<.001), front & back step (p<.01) in agility, reaction time (p<.001), back ankle ROM (p<.05) in flexibility, relative peak power (p<.01) in anaerobic power were significantly high in NG compared to RG. CONCLUSIONS NG fencers were bigger than RG in male whereas no differences in female and NT has higher physical fitness compare to RG. Thus, there seems to be a strong relationship among physique, physical fitness and performance according to the level and physical fitness training should be conducted to improve performance.