Age at Natural Menopause in Women Living with HIV: A Cross-Sectional Study Comparing Self-Reported and Biochemical Data

oleh: Shayda A. Swann, Elizabeth M. King, Shelly Tognazzini, Amber R. Campbell, Sofia L. A. Levy, Neora Pick, Jerilynn C. Prior, Chelsea Elwood, Mona Loutfy, Valerie Nicholson, Angela Kaida, Hélène C. F. Côté, Melanie C. M. Murray

Format: Article
Diterbitkan: MDPI AG 2023-04-01

Deskripsi

Early menopause (<45 years) has significant impacts on bone, cardiovascular, and cognitive health. Several studies have suggested earlier menopause for women living with HIV; however, the current literature is limited by reliance on self-report data. We determined age at menopause in women living with HIV and socio-demographically similar HIV-negative women based on both self-report of menopause status (no menses for ≥12 months) and biochemical confirmation (defined as above plus follicle-stimulating hormone level ≥ 25 IU/mL). Multivariable median regression models assessed factors associated with menopause age, controlling for relevant confounders. Overall, 91 women living with HIV and 98 HIV-negative women were categorized as menopausal by self-report, compared to 83 and 92 by biochemical confirmation. Age at menopause did not differ significantly between groups, whether based on self-report (median [IQR]: 49.0 [45.3 to 53.0] vs. 50.0 [46.0 to 53.0] years; <i>p</i> = 0.28) or biochemical confirmation (50.0 [46.0 to 53.0] vs. 51.0 [46.0 to 53.0] years; <i>p</i> = 0.54). In the multivariable model, no HIV-related or psychosocial variables were associated with earlier age at menopause (all <i>p</i> > 0.05). Overall, HIV status per se was not statistically associated with an earlier age at menopause, emphasizing the importance of comparing socio-demographically similar women in reproductive health and HIV research.