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Oil pipeline leakage will cause direct economic losses and even adversely affect the surrounding environment and residents along the pipeline. It is crucial to be aware of the seepage, surface diffusion and evaporation of leaked oil in the surrounding environment for emergency disposal of pipelines and assessment of leakage consequences. Considering the characteristics of onshore oil pipeline leakage accidents, the research results of oil product pipeline leakage were summarized from the aspects of leakage quantity, flow and diffusion rules of the leaked oil under accident conditions and leakage consequences. Additionally, suggestions were proposed for further studying the diffusion process of the leaked oil in surrounding environment, estimating the leakage consequences and developing reasonable emergency disposal schemes.