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A quasi-matching scheme for arbitrary group velocity match in electro-optic modulation
oleh: Siyuan Wang, Hongxuan Liu, Mai Wang, Hao Chen, Zhi Ma, Bingcheng Pan, Yishu Huang, Yaqi Shi, Chenlei Li, He Gao, Yeyu Tong, Zongyin Yang, Zejie Yu, Liu Liu, Daoxin Dai
Format: | Article |
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Diterbitkan: | AIP Publishing LLC 2024-08-01 |
Deskripsi
Group velocity and impedance matches are prerequisites for high-speed Mach–Zehnder electro-optic (EO) modulators. However, not all platforms can realize matching conditions, restricting high-speed modulation in many practical conditions. Here, we propose and demonstrate a quasi-matching scheme to satisfy the group velocity and characteristic impedance matches by cascading fast-wave and slow-wave traveling wave electrodes. The effective group velocity can be flexibly adjusted by changing the ratio of fast-wave and slow-wave traveling wave electrodes. Moreover, the quasi-matching scheme is experimentally verified by demonstrating a 6 mm long EO modulator on a thin-film lithium-niobate-on-insulator platform with a silica cladding. The radio frequency signal insertion loss at the boundary of the slow-wave and fast-wave electrodes is less than 0.12 dB. The measured small signal EO response of the quasi-matched EO modulator drops less than 2 dB at 67 GHz, while the measured small-signal EO responses of conventional slow and fast traveling wave EO modulators drop 4 dB at 67 GHz. The measured 100 Gb/s on–off key signal eye-diagrams of the quasi-matched EO modulator also exhibit an overwhelming advantage over conventional schemes. Therefore, our results will open many opportunities for high-speed EO modulators in various platforms.